{latex}
$$
\sigma_r = (\frac{4M}{tb^2N}) [( 1 - \frac{a^2}{b^2}\ln(\frac{r}{a}) - (1 - \frac{a^2}{b^2})\ln(\frac{b}{a})]
$$
and
$$
\sigma_\theta = (\frac{4M}{tb^2N}) [(1 - \frac{a^2}{b^2})(1+\ln(\frac{r}{a})) - (1 + \frac{a^2}{r^2})\ln(\frac{b}{a})]
$$
where
$$
N = (1 - \frac{a^2}{b^2})^2 - 4(\frac{a^2}{b^2})\ln^2(\frac{b}{a})
$$
{latex}

{latex}
$$
\sigma_x = \frac{M}{AR} [ 1 + \frac{y}{Z(R + y)}]
$$
where
$$
Z = -1 + \frac{R}{h}\ln[(R+\frac{h}{2})/(R - \frac{h}{2})]
$$
{latex}

{latex}
$$
\sigma_x = \frac{My}{I}
$$
{latex}