constructed using locally available materials. use generic suppliers rather than specialized components. operate without electricity
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. minimize use of valves to reduce costs. minimize use of moving parts. be robust
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and resilient. be optimized for low-cost and high-performance. be
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easy to construct using low precision construction techniques use high rate processes to minimize construction costs and facility footprint
Column
Operator-Friendly
Designs must...
use unit processes that are
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observable whenever possible (no sealed reactors).
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be possible to operate
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without doing math.
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use chemical dosages that are set directly.
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be
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maintainable by
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one person. have a direct-reading indicator of plant flow rate. have a chemical dosing control point
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close to flocculator. have no small parts that can be easily lost
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. have removable parts for inspection and maintenance. be enclosed in a building to provide protection from sun and rain. be sized so that all tanks are accessible by a human for inspection. include provisions so that the operator can receive appropriate feedback for every step of the treatment process