Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Javiana (antigenic formula 1,9,12:l,z28:1,5) is a serovar of the O:9 (D1) serogroup. Salmonella Javiana is the fourth most common serovar in human cases in the U.S. Some reports conclude that this serovar in highly virulent and severe cases have been reported. Investigation of virulence determinants have shown the presence of cdtB (virulence gene associated with virulence in S. Typhi). Serovar Javiana has been associated with a number of outbreaks with fresh produce as source.
Animal reservoir: According to the 2011 CDC report, S. Javiana is found in samples from non-clinical no human origin, specifically, non-clinical chicken and turkey. In addition, this serovar has a reservoir reptiles and amphibious.
Geographical distribution: S. Javiana has been reported in the top 10 serovars from human cases the U.S., in Australia sporadic cases have been reported; in addition, spices from Thailand have been found to contain strains of serovar Javiana.
Outbreaks: Outbreaks of S. Javiana have been associated with fresh produce and animal contact.
Year |
Location |
Associated source |
Number of cases |
2002 |
US-Florida |
Tomatoes |
159 |
2001 |
US- Massachusetts |
Anphibian |
66 |
1993 |
Germany |
Paprika & paprika-powdered potato chips (serovars Saintpaul and Rubislaw were also involved) |
1000 |
Relevant links: