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Exercises

Simulating a Non-Newtonian Fluid Using the Casson Model

A user defined function (UDF) can be used to implement the Casson fluid model. The Casson fluid model is given below:

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Unable to find DVI conversion log file.

A UDF incorporating the equations above is included in the file that you can download here. This file also contains the UDF for defining the time variation of the inlet velocity. You need to use this file for the Casson model and not the one provided in the tutorial. This is necessary because all UDF's need to be in one .c file. You could also use this .c file for all your cases whether you are using the Casson model or not. 

In order to implement this file in FLUENT, in the top menu bar, under "Define" -> "User Defined" -> "Functions", choose "Interpreted". Find the .c file in the directory, and choose "Interpret". Then under materials, double click on the fluid you defined, and for viscosity, choose "User Defined". Then choose "casson_viscosity". You assign the inlet velocity as in the tutorial. 

 

 

The following videos go through the steps for modifying the bifurcating artery geometry in ANSYS SpaceClaim. For instructions on modifying the geometry using SolidWorks, see the page 3D Bifurcating Artery - Exercises (Legacy).

 

Watch the following video for a demonstration of how to add obstructions to the original artery geometry using ANSYS SpaceClaim.

Quick Summary:

    1. Edit Model in SpaceClaim

    2. File > SpaceClaim Options > Set Minimum Grid Spacing to 0.1mm

    3. Place a point where you want the centroid of the obstruction located

    4. Merge the surrounding faces using Repair > Merge Faces

    5. Hide Artery

    6. Sketch an ellipse on XZ plane

      1. Major axis length (along Z): 12mm

      2. Minor axis length (along X): 4mm

    7. Pull > Select the Z axis > Click the |> button

    8. Move > Up to > Click on the Point from earlier

    9. Unhide Artery and make sure ellipsoid is properly sized and positioned

      1. Use Pull > Scale to resize the ellipsoid

      2. Use Move to reposition the ellipsoid using the directional or orientational handles

    10. Click Combine

    11. Click the artery, then the ellipsoid (should result in three solids)

    12. Delete or suppress all entities except the artery

    13. Click Pull, click on the edge of the resulting depression and create a fillet

    14. If you need to restart for any reason, simply CTRL + click the depression and the fillet and then click Fill (make sure you click the green checkmark that is on the screen)

 

Watch the following video for a demonstration of how to add a stent to the original artery geometry using ANSYS SpaceClaim. You will need to suppress the solid created to generate the effect of the stent before opening the geometry in the mesher. 

Quick Summary:

  1. Create a new sketch, move to one end of the obstruction

  2. Use Spline to mimic the artery boundary (just click on the edge of the artery that is visible and follow the dots that show up)

  3. Use Offset Curve to create two more curves: one inside and one outside the artery

  4. Return to 3D mode

  5. Hide the artery

  6. Delete the inner portions of the resulting surfaces leaving only the outer ring

  7. Unhide the artery

  8. Do the same on the other end of the obstruction

  9. Hide the artery

  10. Use Blend and then control + click the two faces that remain

  11. Unhide the artery

  12. Ctrl + Click the missing ellipse and fillet and click Fill if you haven’t already

  13. Use Combine as before to create three solids

  14. Delete or suppress all entities except the artery

  15. Use pull to smooth any sharp edges as desired


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