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In developing the experiment, it was assumed that by the end of the adiabatic mixing stage, the flow will be well mixed.
In developing the experiment, it was assumed that by the end of the adiabatic mixing stage, the flow will be well mixed. Do the results from the numerical solution simulation support this assumption?
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It would be beneficial to repeat the previous steps involved with mirroring and stretching the plot:
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https://confluence.cornell.edu/download/attachments/111221576/velocity%20vector.png |
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We will now investigate the temperature variation along the wall. To do this we need to create a new line on the simulation. It needs to be a horizontal line very close to the wall.
Insert > Location > Line
Name it Please name this line "Wall" and click OK . On the lower left panel, you will see Details of Wall. Enter the following coordinates.
Point 1 (0,0.0294,0)
Point 2 (6.096,0.0294,0)
Enter Again 50 for Samples. (This is the number of sample points used when plotting data)sample size
Click Apply.
You will see wall created under User Locations and Plots.
Next, we will repeat the previous process, but using this new line as source data.
Insert > Chart
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As before, we would also like to compare our simulation result with experimental data. Experimental data can be downloaded here. Now, click a new data series 
. Name it Experiment. Under Data Source, select File and browse for the downloaded experimental data.
Click on X Axis tab. Next to Variable, choose X.
Click on Y Axis tab. Next to Variable, choose Temperature.
Now we will specify how we want to the chart to displayAgain in this case, the x-axis is the x-position along the pipe and the y-axis denotes temperature.
As previously showne, we will specify how the chart should be displayed. The default setting is to display the data series in lines. Since we only have 3 a few experimental points, we want them to be displayed in data points. Click on Line Display. Then click on experimental tab. Next to Line Style, change Automatic to None. Next to Symbols, change None to Diamond. Change the color to red. Click Apply.
This is what you should see in the Graphics window.
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Although the experimental data are a fairly good match for what the simulation has predicted, the wall temperature in the experiment seems to be consistently higher than the simulation in the heated section.
Pressure Plot
This may be explained by the different locations of the temperature measurement. That is,the experimental data is measured from the outside of the wall, while the simulation is measured from a layer of air very close to the wall on the inside of the pipe.
Pressure Plot
Now Now let's us look at the pressure variation at the centerline. We can use the center-line we created earlier.
Next, we will create a chart using this Location data.
Insert > Chart
Enter "Axial Pressure" as Name. You will see Details of Axial Pressure appear on the lower left panel. Under General, name the chart "Pressure Variation along Pipe Axis".
Now click on Data Series tap to specify the location of the chart data. Create a new data series . Change the name from Series 1 to FLUENT. Under Data Source, specify Centerline as Location. The centerline was already created while doing the temperature variation along the center-line. If that chart was skipped please refer to that section on how to create a centerline.
We would also like to compare our simulation result with experimental data. Experimental data is can be downloaded here. Download it to the directory that you like. Now, click a new data series . Name it Experiment. Under Data Source, select File and browse for the downloaded experimental data.
Our purpose in this exercise is to study the pressure variation along the length of the pipe. Therefore our chart should show pressure in the y-axis and x-position in the x-axis.
Click on X Axis tab. Next to Variable, choose X.
Now we will specify the Y Axis parameter. Click on Y Axis tab. Next to Variable, choose Pressure.
Now we will specify how we want to the chart to display. The default setting is to display the data series in lines. Since we only have 3 experimental points, we want them to be displayed in data points. Click on Line Display. Then click on experimental tab. Next to Line Style, change Automatic to None. Next to Symbols, change None to Diamond. Change the color to red. Click Apply. You will see Axial Pressure created under Report in the Outline tab.
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In this case, our x-axis variable is x and our y-axis variable is pressure.
We want to the chart to be displayed exactly the same way as for wall temperatue and centerline temperature plots.
This is what you should see in the Graphics window.
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https://confluence.cornell.edu/download/attachments/111221576/centerline%20pressure.png |
The simulation results follow the experimental data quite closely, the general trend is that pressure decreases (almost linearly) as we move from the inlet towards the outlet of the pipe.
Axial Velocity Profile
Now, let's investigate the velocity profile at different lengths along the pipe. We are especially interested in the flow development before it enters the heated section. Then please divert your attention to the difference heat addition has on flow development.
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Axial Velocity Profile before Heated Section
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The heated section is from x-positions of 1.83m to 4.27m. To allow us insight into flow development before the heated section, we will begin by creating 4 lines of x-position less than 1.83m
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https://confluence.cornell.edu/download/attachments/111221576/centerline%20pressure.pngThe simulation results follow the experimental data quite closely, the general trend is that pressure decreases (almost linearly) as we move from the inlet towards the outlet of the pipe.
Axial Velocity Profile
Now, let's investigate the velocity profile at different lengths along the pipe. We are especially interested in the flow development before it enters the heated section. Then please divert your attention to the difference heat addition has on flow development.
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Axial Velocity Profile before Heated Section
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The heated section is from x-positions of 1.83m to 4.27m. To allow us insight into flow development before the heated section, we will begin by creating 4 lines of x-position less than 1.83m.
Insert > Location > Line
The first line will be to define the inlet. Accordingly, please name this line "Inlet" and click OK. On the lower left panel, you will see Details of Inlet. Enter the following coordinates. The coordinates are entered in terms of (x,y,z).
Point 1 (0,0,0)
Point 2 (0,0.0294,0)
We want to create a vertical line, parallel to the y axis, so check to make sure that the x and z coordinates are the same for both points.
Enter 50 for Samples. (This will be the number of sample points used when plotting data)
Click Apply.
Insert > Location > Line
Now we will define the second line, calling this "Preheat 1"The first line will be to define the inlet. Accordingly, please name this line "Inlet" and click OK. On the lower left panel, you will see Details of Preheat 1Inlet. Enter the following coordinates. The coordinates are entered in terms of (x,y,z).
Point 1 (0.6,0,0)
Point 2 (0.6,0.0294,0)0,0.0294,0)
We want to create a vertical line, parallel to the y axis, so check to make sure that the x and z coordinates are the same for both points.
Enter Again, enter 50 for Samples.
Click Apply.
Please repeat the process for Preheat 1 (x = 0.6) Preheat 2 (x=1.2) and 3 (x=1.8)
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Insert > Chart
Enter "First Section Axial Velocity Profile" as Name. You will see Again, Details of First Section Axial Velocity Profile appear on the lower left panel. Under General, give the chart Title as will appear and please name the chart "Axial Velocity Profile".
Select the Data Series tab to specify the location of the chart data. Create a new data series . Under Data Source, specify Inlet as Location. Change the name to Inlet. Continue adding Data Source until we added all Inlet, Preheat 1, Preheat 2, and Preheat 3. Name them according to the figure shown below.
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Insert > Chart
Enter "Second Section Axial Velocity Profile" as Name. You will see Details of Second Section Axial Velocity Profile appear on the lower left panel. Under General, give the chart Title as "Axial Velocity Profile".
Now click on Data Series tap to specify the location of the chart data. Create a new data series. Under Data Source, specify Preheat 3 as Location. Change the name to x=1.8m. Continue adding Data Source until we added all Preheat 3, Postheat 1, Postheat 2, and Outlet. Name them according to the figure shown below.
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Insert > Chart
Enter "Temperature Profile" as Name. You will see Details of Temperature Profile appears on the lower left panel. Under General, give , so please name the chart Title as "Temperature Profile".
Now click on Data Series tab to specify the location of the chart data. Create a new data series. Under Data Source, specify Preheat 3 as Location. Change the name to x=1.8m. Similarly, add the locations: Preheat 3, Postheat 1, Postheat 2, and Outlet. Name them according to the figure shown below.
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