| Wiki Markup |
|---|
{float:right|border=none}
\\
!benryanconversion.png|thumbnail!
\\
!sedTankWalls.png|thumbnail!
{float}
h4. Structures
Structures is a new |
Structures
Structures is a new sub-team
...
of
...
Cornell
...
AguaClara.
...
The
...
goal
...
of
...
the
...
group
...
is
...
to
...
introduce
...
structural
...
analysis
...
into
...
the
...
AguaClara
...
design
...
process.
...
In
...
the
...
past,
...
AguaClara
...
has
...
not
...
been
...
responsible
...
for
...
the
...
structural
...
design
...
of
...
the
...
treatment
...
plants.
...
We
...
are
...
evaluating
...
the
...
structural
...
design
...
of
...
the
...
plant
...
and
...
providing
...
guidance
...
to
...
improve
...
seismic
...
protection.
...
We
...
are
...
also
...
assessing
...
the
...
merits
...
of
...
rectangular
...
vs.
...
circular
...
tanks
...
when
...
considering
...
the
...
Stacked
...
Rapid
...
Sand
...
Filters.
...
Clay
...
brick,
...
re-bar,
...
mortar,
...
and
...
plaster
...
are
...
used
...
to
...
created
...
waterproof
...
tank
...
walls,
...
while
...
poured
...
reinforced
...
concrete
...
is
...
used
...
for
...
the
...
columns
...
adding
...
structural
...
support
...
to
...
the
...
tanks.
...
The
...
Structure
...
team
...
is
...
new
...
to
...
the
...
AguaClara
...
project.
...
Professor
...
Weber-Shirk
...
created
...
the
...
team
...
this
...
semester
...
to
...
provide
...
structural
...
analysis
...
for
...
the
...
growing
...
number
...
of
...
Aguaclara
...
water
...
treatment
...
plants.
...
Currently,
...
the
...
automated
...
design
...
tool
...
does
...
not
...
provide
...
structural
...
designs
...
for
...
the
...
tanks.
...
Our
...
ultimate
...
goal
...
is
...
to
...
automate
...
the
...
design
...
of
...
the
...
tanks
...
including
...
column
...
spacing,
...
column
...
sizing,
...
and
...
rebar
...
use
...
when
...
given
...
the
...
required
...
tank
...
height,
...
width,
...
and
...
length.
...
The
...
team
...
focused
...
on
...
organizing
...
data
...
and
...
resources
...
in
...
the
...
form
...
of
...
...
correspondences
...
and
...
meetings
...
with
...
Cornell
...
University
...
professors
...
to
...
decide
...
on
...
the
...
first
...
problem
...
to
...
address.
...
Following
...
the
...
meetings,
...
the
...
team
...
decided
...
to
...
analyze
...
the
...
structural
...
capabilities
...
for
...
the
...
columns
...
and
...
walls
...
using
...
the
...
specifications
...
from
...
the
...
Alauca
...
plant.
...
We
...
have
...
been
...
working
...
in
...
conjunction
...
with
...
Dan
...
Smith
...
and
...
Santiago
...
Garcia
...
to
...
obtain
...
relevant
...
information
...
about
...
the
...
AguaClara
...
plants.
...
Overview
...
of
...
our
...
Work
...
Our
...
main
...
objective
...
we
...
wished
...
to
...
accomplish
...
this
...
semester
...
was
...
to
...
create
...
a
...
means
...
of
...
automating
...
the
...
design
...
of
...
the
...
columns
...
and
...
walls
...
for
...
the
...
design
...
tool.
...
We
...
began
...
this
...
work
...
by
...
analyzing
...
the
...
structural
...
capabilities
...
of
...
the
...
columns
...
and
...
walls
...
for
...
the
...
Alauca
...
plant.
...
There
...
are
...
three
...
different
...
load
...
cases
...
that
...
guide
...
the
...
design
...
of
...
the
...
columns
...
and
...
walls
...
of
...
the
...
tank.
...
The
...
first
...
case
...
assumed
...
that
...
the
...
tank
...
walls
...
were
...
supported
...
by
...
the
...
surrounding
...
backfill.
...
The
...
second
...
case
...
assumed
...
no
...
support
...
from
...
this
...
backfill.
...
The
...
third
...
case
...
analyzed
...
the
...
structural
...
importance
...
of
...
the
...
rubble
...
which
...
lies
...
at
...
the
...
base
...
of
...
the
...
sedimentation
...
tank.
...
For
...
our
...
analysis
...
of
...
the
...
walls,
...
we
...
modeled
...
them
...
as
...
closely
...
spaced
...
columns.
...
The
...
plans
...
for
...
the
...
Alauca
...
plant
...
show
...
vertical
...
rebar
...
that
...
runs
...
through
...
these
...
walls
...
will
...
add
...
flexural
...
support.
...
By
...
modeling
...
the
...
walls
...
as
...
columns
...
we
...
accounted
...
for
...
this
...
vertical
...
rebar.
...
Modeling
...
the
...
walls
...
as
...
a
...
combination
...
of
...
individual
...
columns
...
also
...
allowed
...
us
...
to
...
use
...
the
...
same
...
tools
...
and
...
procedures
...
that
...
we
...
used
...
for
...
the
...
analysis
...
of
...
the
...
columns.
...
We
...
set
...
the
...
moment
...
at
...
initial
...
cracking
...
as
...
our
...
first
...
failure
...
moment.
...
We
...
determined
...
this
...
moment
...
by
...
using
...
the
...
Transformed
...
Moment
...
of
...
Inertia
...
method.
...
We
...
also
...
wanted
...
to
...
know
...
the
...
moment
...
that
...
would
...
render
...
the
...
walls
...
and
...
columns
...
to
...
no
...
longer
...
be
...
structurally
...
intact.
...
This
...
would
...
be
...
the
...
largest
...
moment
...
that
...
these
...
walls
...
and
...
columns
...
could
...
experience
...
before
...
ultimate
...
failure.
...
We
...
believed
...
that
...
this
...
value
...
would
...
be
...
of
...
importance
...
for
...
future
...
analyses
...
which
...
would
...
incorporate
...
earthquake
...
conditions.
...
For
...
this
...
ultimate
...
failure
...
analysis,
...
we
...
used
...
the
...
Column
...
Interaction
...
Diagram.
...
This
...
method
...
plots
...
the
...
area
...
of
...
all
...
axial
...
load
...
and
...
moment
...
cases
...
that
...
a
...
column
...
would
...
be
...
able
...
to
...
support
...
safely.
...
A
...
full
...
report
...
with
...
calculations
...
and
...
conclusions
...
can
...
be
...
found
...
in
...
our
...
Structures
...
Team
...
Final
...
Report
...
Spring
...
2011
...
document.
...
We
...
also
...
explored
...
how
...
changing
...
key
...
variables
...
such
...
as
...
cover
...
depth,
...
rebar
...
size,
...
and
...
strength
...
properties
...
of
...
the
...
materials
...
used
...
affected
...
the
...
moment
...
capacity
...
of
...
the
...
walls
...
and
...
columns.
...
All
...
the
...
documents
...
used
...
in
...
our
...
analysis
...
this
...
semester
...
are
...
found
...
under
...
the
...
"Documents"
...
section.
| Section | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|