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2D Bifurcating Artery

Created using ANSYS 14.5

Geometry

Geometry (Artery without plaques) 

<iframe width="600" height="338" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/FR8jDB73U_A" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Geometry (Plaque configuration #1)

<iframe width="600" height="338" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/2JkNMU0WLWc" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Geometry (Plaque configuration #2)

<iframe width="600" height="338" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/-m3y-tCYi_c" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Geometry (Blood Clot)

<iframe width="600" height="338" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/VwNdKdL2h0A" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Mesh

Some of the settings you can use to get a better mesh are shown in the figure below.

• The Relevance Center can be set to coarse, medium and fine. After you pick the Relevance Center, you can change the Relevance from -100 to 100, with 100 being the finest within the particular relevance center.

You can insert a sizing for faces and edges along with the mesh settings in the figure.

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Problem Statement

You will simulate blood flow in an idealized bifurcated blood vessel using ANSYS FLUENT®, a commercially available CFD software package. You will study:

• The effect of fatty plaque on the blood flow
• The effect of a blood clot in addition to the fatty plaque

You will be calculating the velocity, wall shear stress and pressure gradient for the cases outlined below. 

Geometry

We’ll ignore 3D effects and use the following idealized 2D geometry. All dimensions are shown in mm.

Image Added

Consider the following two plaque configurations. Model the plaque as a circular arc with a diameter of 3 mm except the one that spans two limbs whose dimensions are shown below.

Image Added

You also need to study the effect of a blood clot in the right branch (in addition to the plaque) as shown in the figure below. Assume that the blood clot has a diameter of 1 mm.

Image Added

FLUENT Inputs

• Steady 2D flow
• Outlet gauge pressure = 0 Pa
• Density = 1000 kg/m³
• Coefficient of viscosity = 0.001 kg/(m-s)
• Adjust inlet velocity to get a Reynolds no. of 400.

Cases to be studied

1. No plaque
2. The above two plaque configurations without blood clot
3. The above two plaque configurations with blood clot

4. Consider two combinations of 

   Latex
   $\theta_1$

    and 

   Latex
   $\theta_2$

   .

• • Latex
    $\theta_1=30, \quad \theta_2=30$

  • Latex
    $\theta_1=30, \quad \theta_2=45$

Go to Pre-Analysis & Start-Up

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Streamlines

The following videos show how to plot streamlines using the CFD Post post-processor included in ANSYS Workbench. First, we plot streamlines emanating from the the inlet.

<iframe width="600" height="338" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/hsAJpBRQPkY" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

The streamlines emanating from the inlet do not include those in the recirculating region or the "deadwater" region. To see the streamlines in the recirculating region, we:

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<iframe width="600" height="338" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/IyJyuNxO7pg" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Wall Shear

The following video shows how to plot wall shear along the left wall of the bifurcating artery.

<iframe width="600" height="338" src="//www.youtube.com/embed/OKhkffR4V3A" frameborder="0" allowfullscreen></iframe>

Pressure Gradient

The procedure to create a contour plot of the pressure gradient is shown in the video below.

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Go to all FLUENT Learning Modules