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To make the experiment comparable to that carried out by the Fall 2009 team (Experiment 3, Trial 4), the Spring 2010 team used the same flow rate, which was 40mL/min in both reactors, and a lime mass of 8gm based on the solubility calculations (figure 1.1). One important change was that the lime in this experiment was fed dry, not mixed with water as a slurry. This may affect the particle size distribution, which is discussed in the hypotheses section. The following was used to determine the amount of mass necessary for a 12-hour run with a given flow rate.  K _sp is the lime solubility constant, MW is the molecular weight of lime, Q is the volumetric flow rate, and [OH ^- ] in the second equation is the concentration of hydroxide in a saturated lime solution (pH ~12.6).

Equation 1.1:

{latex}
\large
$$[C{a^{ + 2}}] \times {[O{H^ - }]^2} = {K_{sp}}$$
{latex}

Equation 1.2:

{latex}
\large
$$Lime(Q) = \left( {{{{K_{sp}}} \over {{{[O{H^ - }]}^2}}}} \right)(MW)(Q)(12hr)$$
{latex}

                                                                           Figure 1. Theoretical lime required as a function of flow rate

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