Pilot Plant Tube Flocculator
Overview
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h1. Pilot Plant Tube Flocculator h3. Overview {float:right|border=2px solid black} !DSC02938.JPG|width=400! {float} |
The
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tube
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flocculator
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at
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the
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Pilot
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plant
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will
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be
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used
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to
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test
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the
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effects
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of
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raw
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water
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on
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floc
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formation
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and
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settling
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velocity.
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Similar
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experiments
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have
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been
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conducted
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in
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the
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laboratory.
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The
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tube
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flocculator
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is
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a
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long
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narrow
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tube
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coiled
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as
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in
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a
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figure
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eight
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formation.
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Alum
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is
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added
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as
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a
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coagulant
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in
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the
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flocculator.
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The
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positively
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charged
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alum
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particles
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promote
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floc
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formation.
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Flocs
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collide
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because
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of energy dissipation in the long narrow tubing. Large dense flocs settle out faster in sedimentation. Research has been done in the lab to determine optimal tube flocculator configuration to produce the largest settling velocities.
The previous lab experiments have examined flocculation with mixtures of water and clay. The chemistry of raw water is much more complex than this. Results from the lab experiments may not accurately represent flocculation involving raw water. For example, raw water contains humic acids dissolved from soils. Humic acids are large negatively charged organic particles. They bind to positively charged alum particles and may absorb more alum than the lab flocculator. The goal of tube flocculator is to compare data from the Pilot Plant to lab experiments and confirm the adequacy of the lab data to model the behavior of raw water.