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Next, using the previously determined flow through the exit tubing, the flow through the orifice drilled at the center of the attached PVC cap is determined. The calculations for flow assumes that flow through the tube was constant and neglects the effect of gravity on the flow. We assumed that the flow was fast enough to support this neglection.
Then, head loss through this system is calculated given the user-inputted value for the wall thickness of the desired PVC cap. This head loss is composed of major losses, and hence shear losses, only.
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