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From the four retrofit designs, the most viable option is the "verticle/inclined plane." ********Biny this is wer eyou would input your stuff***************
Studying different parameters for foam formation
Figure: setup testing parameters for foam formation
For this experiment, dial soap mixed in water, pump, flow accumulator, water tank and water container were used in order to create water jets.
Three parameters were investigated to study foam formation,
1) Average velocity of jets
2) Type of surface
3) Length the water travels down the incline plane
The velocity of the jets was increased by increasing the number of pumps used during the experiment. In the first run, the jets fall onto the accumulated water on the tank, then a plane was used to catch the water jets upon falling to the tank. The plane was placed at different distance and angle to observe the change in bubble formation.
Calculations
As a team, we worked in MathCAD to calculate the distance that the jets of water coming into the LFOM would travel inside the LFOM. If we discover that a bucket inserted into the LFOM below the orifices can catch the jets before they hit the water, the bucket theory will be a viable option. We determined that all but the top three jets of water would in fact hit the far wall of the LFOM before reaching any size bucket that we could place in the LFOM. Also, we used MathCAD to determine the size of the orifice needed in the bottom of the bucket to maintain the plant flow rate. We determined that the orifice would have to have a 4.5cm radius, which was far too large for our buckets. The MathCAD calculations eliminated both the teacup theory and the variation on that theory as possible solutions. The MathCAD files are attached.
Jet Distance Calcs 7-13-09.xmcd
CDC_Retrofit_Designs.xmcd
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We were able to document results for each variation of the designs visually with photographs and short movies on cameras.
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Conclusions
At the end of all of our testing, we determined that inserting a 5cm-diameter pipe would effectively reduce the amount of bubbles produced by the LFOM, while not constricting the overall plant flow rate. Hopefully this design change can be easily executed in the AguaClara plants in Honduras to fix the foam problem.