Background:
Animal reservoir: S. Typhi is a human-restricted serovar.
Geographical distribution: S. Typhi is widely distributed; however, the prevalence of this serovar varies considerable. In developed countries (U.S., Canada, Europe), S. Typhi isolations correspond to less than 1% of all Salmonella serovars isolated from humans. In developing countries, isolations correspond to approx. 30% in some countries in Latin America and Asia.
Outbreaks: Salmonella Typhi has caused multiple outbreaks and sporadic cases, including outbreaks in the U.S. and Europe. In developing countries with endemic presence of typhoidal Salmonella, outbreaks are mostly undetected.
Year |
Location |
Associated source |
Number of cases |
2010 |
US-multistate |
Frozen mamey fruit pulp |
9 |
2002 |
Nepal |
Drinking water |
5963 |
2000 |
US-New York |
Food handler |
7 |
1999 |
US-Florida |
Frozen mamey fruit pulp (imported) |
16 |
1998 |
France |
Chicken rice |
27 |
1997 |
France |
Pork, food handler |
26 |
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