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*{+}Background:+* _Salmonella enterica_ subsp. _enterica_ serovar Heidelberg (antigenic formula 1,4,\[5\],12:r:1,2) is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. Serovar_S_. Heidelberg is typicallycommonly found in poultry meat in North America. In the U.S. and Canada, it has caused numerous infections in chicken in the U.S. and Canada. chickens. In the U.S., this serovar has caused a number of outbreaks, that includingincluded athe recent outbreak (October, 2013), linked to [raw chicken,|http://www.cdc.gov/salmonella/heidelberg-10-13/index.html]; this outbreak was caused by ana antibioticmultidrug resistant _S._ Heidelberg strain (resistant to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, kanamycin, streptomycin, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline). _S._ Heidelberg accounts for the 8.6% of ceftriaxone-resistant _Salmonella_ isolated from humans in the U.S. Recently, a [phage typing scheme|http://jcm.asm.org/content/41/9/4279.full] was developed for serovar Heidelberg in Canada for serovar Heidelberg; this scheme recognizes 49 phage types. |
Animal reservoir: S. Heidelberg is mostly found in chickens and turkeys.
Geographical distribution: Mostly reported from North America, serovar Heidelberg is the second and seventh most common serovar isolated from humans in Canada and in the U.S., respectively. In Europe this serovar is rare (approx. 180 cases/year).
Outbreaks: Multiple Heidelberg outbreaks have been linked to poultry, most of them in the U.S.
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