Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhimurium (antigenic formula 4,5,12:i:1,2) is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. S. Typhimurium is a widely distributed serovar, which represent the second most common serovar isolated from humans in the United States and Europe. There is one variant named S. Typhimurium var. Copenhagen, which lacks the factor 5 in the O antigen (4,12:i:1,2). This serovar was named Typhimurium because it produces "Typhi like symptoms in the murine model. S. Typhimurium has been used as model to understand the pathogenicity of Salmonella. Serovar Typhimurium can cause disease in a wide range of hosts and invasive strains have been reported in some countries in Africa. This serovar is classified according to the susceptibility to typing phages, in definite phage types (DT); one common DT (DT104) has been found to have resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, streptomycin, sulphonamide and tetracycline (ACSSuT resistance type). In England, two outbreaks caused by a multidrug resistant strain (ASSuTTm resistant type) of S. Typhimurium DT120 occurred in 2011.
Animal reservoir: serovar Serovar Typhimurium is found in multiple animal species, including cattle, chickens, turkey, swine, wild animals and insects.
Geographical distribution: serovar Serovar Typhimurium is globaly distributed. In multiple locations (i.e., U.S., Europe, Africa and Latin America), it is reported as the second most common Salmonella serovar in humans. In Australia, it is the most common serovar in humans. In Asia, it is among the ten most common serovars in humans.
Outbreaks: numerous Numerous outbreaks have been associated with serovar S. Typhimurium. Outbreaks have been linked to a number of foods and also been linked to contact with animals (chicks, ducklings, and other live baby poultry). Here we mention some of the latest outbreaks caused by this serovar.
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