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Date last updated: September 2014
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I. Introduction
II. Frequency
III. Enumeration
A. Punctuation
B. Captions
F. Enumeration: Special instructionsInstructions
V. Chronology
A. Punctuation
B. Captions
C. Levels of chronologyChronology
D. Seasonal chronologiesChronologies
E. Chronology: Special instructionsInstructions
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I. INTRODUCTION Anchor A A
The following instructions govern the creation of descriptive names of publication patterns. The naming conventions are important because the Library of Congress anticipates having a very large database of patterns. Thus, it is important that the names indicate the characteristics of the pattern so that the correct pattern can be easily found and to avoid the creation of duplicate patterns.
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Sources of data: When patterns are created with a piece in hand, there may be different representations of the same designation (as opposed to alternative enumeration or chronology). For example, numbering may appear in arabic on one source and in Roman numerals on another. When this occurs, consult the bibliographic record and use the designation found in field 362 or 588 "Description based on" note. In other cases, use the designation that is most complete.
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II. FREQUENCY Anchor B B
Give the abbreviation for the frequency, as found below.
Abbreviations:
An (Annual) Be (Biennial) Bm (Bimonthly) Bw (Biweekly) Da (Daily) Mo (Monthly) Qr (Quarterly) Sa (Semiannual) Sm (Semimonthly) Sw (Semiweekly) 3xWk (Three times a week) 3xMo (Three times a month) 3xYr (Three times a year) Tr (Triennial) Wk (Weekly)
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III. ENUMERATION Anchor C C
A. Punctuation Anchor C1 C1
In Patterns:
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Do not use punctuation with abbreviations
E.g., v,no
not v.,no.
Because there is a limited number of characters allowed for the name, do not include spaces between the different levels of enumeration
E.g., v,2no
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B. Captions Anchor C2 C2
- Captions are given in the language in which they are found on the piece, using standard abbreviations (e.g., v., no., ano, bd., jahr., teil, etc.). Do not capitalize any words in the name, other than the frequency, as this will cause the names to file out of order. The caption may be capitalized in the pattern, however, if that is the practice for that language.
E.g., In pattern name: An-bd | yr
In pattern (1st level of enumeration): Bd
2. If the designation is given in more than one language on the piece, refer to the bibliographic record and choose the caption in the language given first in field 362 or the 588 "Description based on" note.
3. When there is enumeration but no caption apply the following:
a. If the second level of enumeration lacks a caption and is separated from the first by a mark of punctuation, the punctuation can serve as the caption
E.g., On piece: Volume 12/3 1998
In pattern: 1st level: v.; 2nd level: /
In name: Mo-v,12/ | yr
b. In other cases where there is enumeration but no captions, use (*) in the pattern and in the name
E.g., On piece: 26 1999
In pattern: 1st level: (*)
In name: An-(*) | yr
E.g., On piece: 8:3 March 1999
In pattern: 1st level: (*) 2nd level: :
In name: Mo-(*),: | yr,mo
4. When the year constitutes the first level of enumeration because the numbering restarts with each year, give as the caption for the first level of enumeration: (year).
E.g., On piece: no. 3 1999
In pattern: 1st level: (year)
In name: Qr-(year),4no
E.g., On piece: 1998-4
In pattern: 1st level: (year); 2nd level: -
In name: Bm- (year),6-
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C. Levels and relationships Anchor C3 C3
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1. Record up to three levels of enumeration. Each level relates to the level immediately above it. Numbers may be used with the levels when they are other than the default. Defaults are given below.
a. 1st level. Give only the caption for the highest level. If there is more than one volume per year, do not indicate the number of volumes.
E.g., Mo-v,12no | yr,mo
Mo-v,3no | yr,mo {NOT: Mo?4v,3no | yr,mo}
b. 2nd level. Record the number of issues per volume in all cases (not the number of issues per year)
E.g., Mo-v,12no
E.g., Mo-v,10no
c. 3rd level. Follow the instructions for the 2nd level.
d. When there are more than three levels, in brackets add the number of additional levels preceded by a + following the specification of the third level.
E.g., Mo-v,2pt,6no, [+2] | yr,mo,day
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D. Numbering scheme Anchor C4 C4
- In Voyager, the scheme of enumeration (Alpha, Arabic, Roman) is included in the publication pattern and a different scheme of enumeration calls for a separate pattern. Thus, it is important when naming patterns that it be clear which scheme has been used. The options are:
Arabic (e.g., 1, 34, 598)
Roman upper case (e.g., IV, XI)
Roman lower case (e.g., iii, iv)
Alphabetical upper case (e.g., A, B, C)
Alphabetical lower case (e.g., a, b, c)
Note: There is no provision for ordinal numbers, such as 2nd, 15th ed., 340th, etc. Instead, use the number alone and code as "arabic": 2, 15, 340.
2. For all enumeration, the default is Arabic. If the scheme is other than Arabic, give one of the following codes in brackets [ ] following the caption for the level of enumeration.
Roman upper case [R]
Roman lower case [r]
Alphabetical upper case [A]
Alphabetical lower case [a]
E.g., Qr?v[R],4no[r]
Mo?v,12no, pt[A]
Mo?v,6no[R]+ {continuous numbering in Roman numerals}
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E. Numbering continuity Anchor C5 C5
Note: Some serials have alternative enumeration that is consecutive; see F below.
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- Voyager assumes that the 1st level is always continuous, i.e., volume numbers change to the next highest each year without ever restarting.
- The 2nd and 3rd levels, however, may contain numbering that restarts (the norm) or is continuous. The default for these levels is restart.
- If either or both the 2nd and 3rd levels is continuous, give the number to be issued for each volume followed by a plus sign (+) Do not use with the first level, since this is assumed.
E.g., Mo-v,12no+ | yr, mo
E.g., Mo-v,6no+ | yr, mo
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F. Enumeration: Special instructions Anchor C6 C6
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In name: Mo-3.ser:t, 12no | yr,mo
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IV. ALTERNATIVE ENUMERATION Anchor D D
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E.g., Mo-v,12no [+E=issue no] | yr, mo
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V. CHRONOLOGY Anchor E E
Note: chronology is always given from highest (year) to lowest (day)
A. Punctuation Anchor E1 E1
- Separate the enumeration from the chronology with a space-straight line ( | )- space.
Mo-v,12no | yr,mo
- When there is no enumeration, the chronology follows the frequency {/language} and dash
E.g., An-yr
Qr/fre-yr,seas
a. Separate each level of chronology with a comma but no space (e.g., yr,mo,day)
b. Do not use ending punctuation in abbreviations (e.g., yr,mo)
B. Captions Anchor E2 E2
- Since Voyager provides a pop-up menu for chronology, the possibilities are more limited than for enumeration.
- Use English captions and abbreviations found below.
Abbreviations yr - year mo - month day (no abbreviation) wk - week seas - season mo-mo - month span (e.g., July-Sept.)
C. Levels of chronology Anchor E3 E3
- Give up to four levels of chronology (e.g., yr; yr,mo; yr,mo,day; yr,mo,wk,day)
- Give only the levels that are needed to identify the issue, depending on the frequency. For example, do not give month and day for an annual or day for a monthly or quarterly. Including such data will make prediction more difficult.
E.g., On piece: 1999 April 3, 1999
In name: Annual = An-yr not: An-yr,mo,day
D. Seasonal chronologies Anchor E4 E4
- Use the following abbreviations: Spring--Sp, Summer--Su, Autumn--Au (use also for Fall), Winter--Wi
Indicate the actual seasons when not all four are issued, as in the case of a semiannual (e.g., Sa-v,2no | yr,seas[Sp/Au])
- For a quarterly, indicate which season is issued first in the calendar year by adding in brackets the abbreviation for the season (E.g., Qr-v,4no | yr,seas[Wi=1]. Reminder: Only one date can be used and LC will use the first date in the span (e.g., for 1998/1999 the date used would be 1998). Thus, if the winter issue is 1998/1999 and spring is 1999, spring is designated as 1999. Winter would be 1999' if issued with a designation of 'winter 1999'.
E. Chronology: Special instructions Anchor E5 E5
- Chronology spans. When a year, month, season, or day spans several years, months, seasons, or days, only one date can be recorded in the subscription pattern and the publication pattern will reflect that. The first date will always be used. At the check-in stage the date will be modified to include the span and a pop-up note will be added to the check-in record.
Examples:
Year: 1999/2000
In publication pattern: Year
In name: Yr
In subscription pattern: 1999
When checked in: 1999/2000
Months: January-March 2000
In publication pattern: Quarterly [Jan.-Mar,
In name: Yr, mo
In subscription pattern: Jan. 2000
When checked in: Jan-Mar. 2000
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VI. Alternative chronology Anchor F F
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