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*{+}Background:+* _Salmonella enterica_ subsp. _enterica_ serovar Brandenburg (antigenic formula 4,\[5\],12:l,v:e,n,z{~}15~) is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. In New Zealand, in 1996 _S._ Brandenburg emerged in the sheep populations and causingcaused a number of outbreaks. This serovar causes During these [outbreaks|http://www.stuff.co.nz/business/farming/sheep/9090477/Bacterial-outbreak-killing-South-Island-sheep] in sheep, _S._ Brandenburg has caused abortion in pregnant ewes and killshas killed approx. the half of infected ewes. In Alsoaddition, outbreaks in cattle have also been reported in New Zealand. It is considered an occupational [hazard|http://www.business.otago.ac.nz/sirc/conferences/2001/17_higgan.pdf], because farmers can acquire the disease by contact with infected animals. |
Animal reservoir: Serovar Brandenburg is found in different animal species (turkey, cattle, and sheep). However, in New Zealand in , it is predominantly found in sheep.
Geographical distribution: Serovar Brandenburg is reported among the 15th most common serovars in Europe, and it is endemic in animals ruminants (sheep and cattle) in New Zealand.
Outbreaks: Human outbreaks Outbreaks have occurred in different countries since 1963. Outbreaks in sheep in New Zealand are common since 1996. The ; these outbreaks are characterized by abortion in ewes.
Year | Location | Associated source | Number of cases |
2008 | Italy | Restaurant associated | Approx. 200 |
2001 | Japan | Hospital associated | - |
1992 | Switzerland | Not clear, multiple foods and animals were found positive | Several outbreaks |
1963 | England | Pork products | - |
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