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Firewalls will often drop idle ssh connections. You , (on your client) and/or your server administrator (on your server), can take steps to ensure connections stay alive and thus are not dropped.

IT Security Office's info on this, as of March 2016:

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Information from Chemistry IT

  • On networks with firewalls, such as at Cornell, an ssh connection will be dropped if it remains idle.
    • A drop can be prevented by configuring the client and/or server to send a “keep alive” packet so the connection is not strictly idle.
    • The idle cut-off time on Cornell's networks is about 5 minutes. Thus, a keep-alive of 4 minutes should suffice.
  • In Chemistry IT, we have set all our servers to 4 minutes and that has seemed to work well for our researchers (as of April 2016).