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Wiki Markup*{+}Background:+* _Salmonella_ Stanley (antigenic formula: 1,4,\[5\],12,\[27\]:d:1,2) is a serovar of the O:4 (B) serogroup. _S._ Stanley is a predominant serovar in [South East Asia|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22205822], which appears to have spread to Europe. Initial cases in [Denmark|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22205822] were associated with patients that traveled to Thailand; however, multiple outbreaks in Europe associated with different sources ([poultry|http://ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications/publications/20120921_rra_stanley_salmonella.pdf], [cheese|http://www.eurosurveillance.org/ViewArticle.aspx?ArticleId=18979], [alfalfa sprouts|http://www.sproutnet.com/Salmonella-Stanley-in-Sweden]) suggest that _S._ Stanley has been dispersed in Europe. In Asia, cases have been found in [children|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17932601] under the age of 5. Multidrug resistant strains that encode extended spectrum [beta-lactamases|http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22205822] (enzymes that confer resistance to third generation cephalosporin) have been reported in clinical cases in Asia and Europe.

Animal reservoir: Pork was found to be the source of S. Stanley in Thailand, but outbreaks associated with turkey indicate that turkey is also a reservoir.  

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