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Year | Location | Associated source | Number of cases |
2010 | US-multistate | Frozen mamey fruit pulp | 9 |
2002 | Nepal | Drinking water | 5963 |
2000 | US-New York | Food handler | 7 |
1999 | US-Florida | Frozen mamey fruit pulp (imported) | 16 |
1998 | France | Chicken rice | 27 |
1997 | France | Pork, food handler | 26 |
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Relevant genetic characteristics: Whole genome sequences for 20 strains of S. Typhi have been deposited at GenBank as of October, 2013. Genomic characteristics of the sequenced S. Typhi include (i) a genome size ranging from 4.54 to 5.03 Mb, (ii) a mol G+C% of 52, and (iii) 4,419 to 5,336 predicted genes. Plasmids and prophages have been identified in S. Typhi. For example, a resistant plasmid of 218 kb and seven prophages were detected in S. Typhi CT18. Up to ten Salmonella pathogenicity islands (SPIs) have been detected in S. Typhi, these include SPI-1 to 7, 9, 11 to 13, and 15 to 18. Comparative genomics and phylogenetic analyses have shown that S. Typhi (i) has a monophyletic origin approx. 50,000 years ago (ii) has suffered reductive evolution (approx. 5% of the genome are functionally inactive), (iii) belongs to clade, according to den Bakker et al. (2011) classification, and (iv) has 349 gene families unique to this serovar.
Genome sequences available:
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. 404ty http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227658/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. AG3 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227978/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. BL196 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJNA190361
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. CR0044 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/547178/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. CR0063 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/547038/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. CT18 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/264458/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. E00-7866 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227698/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. E01-6750 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227738/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. E02-1180 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227778/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. E98-0664 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227818/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. E98-2068 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227858/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. E98-3139 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/228018/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. M223 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227938/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. P-stx-12 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/360068/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. J185 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/227898/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. ST0208 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/546878/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. Ty2 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/29128/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. Ty21a http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/653508/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. UJ308A http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/546798/
- Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Typhi str. UJ816A http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/assembly/546818/
Relevant links and references:
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