Background: Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Hadar (antigenic formula 6,8:z10:e,n,x) is a serovar of the O:8 (C2-C3) serogroup. S. Hadar is a common serovar in the U.S. and Europe; . Serovar Hadar is associated with turkey and other birds, it and is commonly found in ground turkey and chicken meat. In Europe, this serovar emerged in the 1971. For example, in In England, before 1971 were , only eight human cases reported, but ; by 1979 a total of 1,600 human salmonellosis cases were confirmed to be caused by S. Hadar. Consequent to As a consequence of the S. Hadar emergence, a phage typing scheme was developed, this included 35 recognized phage types. In 2011, an outbreak associated with turkey burgers occurred in the U.S., the outbreak strain showed resistance to several antibiotics commonly used to treat salmonellosis (ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, cephalothin, and tetracycline).
Animal reservoir: The main reservoirs for of S. Hadar are turkey flocks and turkey meat. However, chickens, ducks and swine are also sources of this serovar. In the U.S, this serovar is the most common serovar isolated from turkey.
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